ELI5: Why must buying a home in an HOA area automatically mean joining the HOA, and why is there no choice?

Question

I don’t have a strong opinion on HOAs, as my familiarity with them is very limited. Recently, family members mentioned HOAs, and it left me confused about why purchasing property in one of these neighborhoods requires mandatory membership without an option to decline. Could someone explain in simple terms why this rule exists and why opting out isn’t possible?

When purchasing a home in an HOA community, you are essentially buying into an agreement that is inherently part of the property title. This legal contract guarantees that all residents adhere to a standard set of rules designed to maintain property values and keep the neighborhood aesthetically pleasing. The HOA’s regulations, included in the deed, create a unified structure that avoids individual exceptions. As a result, every buyer must accept the prevailing conditions, and opting out would undermine the entire community setup.

I think HOAs add rules into the property deed to keep things uniform and support property values. Ever wonder if future communities might offer a bit more choice without breaking that mold?

c’mon, buying a house in an hoa area means you also buy the rules and upkeep. its all in the deed, so no choice. you agree to the commenal stuff when you buy

so, buying a place in an hoa area means you’re in the package, rule-wise. its added to the deed so you cant bow out on the community guidelines, which help keep the property values steady.

I wonder if alternative structures exist that let homeowners pick and choose the rules instead of forced membership? What about communities that try a more flexible model – has anyone seen or tried such a setup?